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Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 5

May 26, 2016 Harleen Jabbal Leave a comment

Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 5

According to Gladstone the history of industrialization properly understood, is a history built on a great disengagement of the West from the dominance of its core classical traditions, and the birth of a new model of society. It was that new model, conjoining limited government and free inquiry, which had no counterpart outside of Europe that propelled it forward relative to other major civilizations he argues. In Britain this gave rise to modern engineering and a culture of self- regulation and apprenticeship that evolved in keeping with its class-based social structure. Outside Britain the first institutions of engineering education were usually highly academic, set up by national governments and closely associated with the military. Neither regulation nor licensing was deemed necessary to control this academically based European practice of engineering. The German ̳Humboldtian‘ university model combining teaching and research has remained dominant in Europe.

Gurmeet Bambrah, PhD

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Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 4

May 26, 2016 Harleen Jabbal Leave a comment

Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 4

The period from 1500 to 1700 Gladstone argues was marked by turbulent contention of diverse philosophical and scientific systems, with skeptics, proponents of new natural philosophies, and defenders of revelation and classical authorities across Europe. However by 1750, with more detailed geographic studies of the shape and curvature of the earth confirming Newton‘s claims for an oblate Earth (flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator due to the effect of its own rotation on its axis), the correctness of the new mechanical model of nature became beyond dispute for the intellectual elite.

Gladstone re-contextualizes industrialization through this new view of a mechanical universe, atomistic and driven by persistent natural forces, amenable to analysis by reason, having major repercussions for the political and social order in Europe. The consequence of efforts to overthrow most of what was deeply woven into the fabric of European history, culture, politics, and society were the ̳twin Enlightenments‘ – technological and socio‐political5 of the 18th century. These led to the development and implementation of the idea of society as a community of free individuals holding sovereign rights over a limited state essential for modern science and engineering cultures to survive, flourish, and produce the economic and technological miracles of the last two centuries.

Gurmeet Bambrah, PhD

Founder TalentHunt360

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Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 3

May 26, 2016 Harleen Jabbal Leave a comment

Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 3

Industrial Societies

Gladstone4 states that prior to 1700, all major civilizations drew on four basic sources to justify knowledge and authority. These were:

1. Tradition – knowledge that was revered for its age and long use

2. Religion or revelation – knowledge that was based on sacred texts or the sayings of prophets, saints, other spiritual leaders

3. Reason – knowledge that was obtained from logical demonstration, either in arithmetic and geometry or by deductive reasoning from basic premises

4. Repeated observation and experience – empirical knowledge that was confirmed by widely shared and repeated observations and every day experience, such as day follows night, the sun rises in the East, objects fall, heat rises, and various agricultural and manufacturing techniques that were proven in use.

By turning away from the first and second major sources of knowledge and authority – tradition and religion – Gladstone says European thinkers sought new systems of knowledge. These were based mainly on revised and expanded forms of logical reasoning, using new foundational assumptions, or more sophisticated mathematics, or inductive rather than deductive logic; and on new approaches to observation and experience, more reliant on increasingly sophisticated and specialized instruments for making observations as opposed to common‐sense, unaided empiricism.

Gurmeet Bambrah, PhD

Founder TalentHunt360

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Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 2

May 26, 2016 Harleen Jabbal Leave a comment

Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 2

Several recent economic reports also suggest that by 2013-15, India will start outpacing China’s stunning annual GDP growth rate of 8.5-9.5%. A number of trends in India lead to this conclusion – its young, increasingly educated labor force, relatively few retired people to care for, its high savings rate, increased infrastructure spending and massive structural reforms the Indian government is continuing to undertake.

In our whitepaper entitled Global Engineering Cultures3 we have made the case that the engineering profession uses regulatory and licensing systems since the late eighteenth century have derived from an economic order dominated by imperial industrial, economic and political roots. At present China and India are restoring the positions they held two centuries ago when China produced approximately 30 percent and India 15 percent of the world‘s wealth. China and India, for the first time since the 18th century, are also set to be the largest contributors to worldwide economic growth.

The litmus test for India and China it can be contended is whether as re-emerging powers they can disengage from the politics of industrial and imperial societies to foster an innovative global engineering culture. In this whitepaper an extensive analysis leads to the conclusion that both India and China having recently increased investment in education and innovation infrastructure are closer to providing global leadership in engineering. We envisage this leadership will create an engineering culture based on innovation, research and development, that it will generate socially, culturally and environmentally sound technology solutions and create a peaceful, diverse and sustainable world.

Gurmeet Bambrah, PhD

Founder TalentHunt360

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The Growing Importance of India & China, Introduction- Part 1 by Gurmeet Bambrah

May 26, 2016 Harleen Jabbal Leave a comment

Global Engineering and Sustainability- The growing importance of India and China, Part 1

Ernst G. Frankel (2005)1 presented the case that after leading the world for 200 years in political, technological, economic, military, and even social terms, America is being challenged. India and China – new emerging economic powers, with advancing technological prowess – he has argued are beginning to challenge America’s leadership. While these countries have been focusing on socio-economic development, their capabilities and potentials are much broader he has contended.

Early this year in his state of the union address2 President Obama has reiterated this saying that America needs ―to out-innovate, out-educate, and out-build the rest of the world … as nations like China and India have realized that with some changes of their own, they can compete in this new world…. They have started educating their children earlier and longer, with greater emphasis on math and science he says. They‘re investing in research and new technologies. Just recently, China became the home to the world‘s largest private solar research facility and the world‘s fastest computer.‖ If global experts are to be believed, India and China will be central hubs for the employment of engineers and other knowledge workers in the coming years.

Gurmeet Bambrah, PhD

Founder TalentHunt360

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Twenty First Century Engineering- Culture of Sustainability, by Gurmeet Bambrah

April 28, 2016April 28, 2016 Harleen Jabbal Leave a comment

Many industrialized countries face ageing populations and slowing natural population increase at present. Further baby-boomers in these countries, the first of who will be turning 65 in 2011, will be retiring in large numbers changing urban demographics in these countries. Consequently these countries are encouraging high immigration levels to fuel economic growth. Their rural-urban fringes are also growing rapidly. There is growing concern about the environmental consequences of these patterns, particularly the dependence on the automobile.

At the same time some developing countries are industrializing rapidly, particularly China and India, increasing the demand for natural resources even as supplies dwindle. Frugal engineering an overarching philosophy that enables a true “clean sheet” approach to product development is emerging from this. An example of this is the new Tata Nano highlighted by Rohit Talwar, Chief Executive of Global Futures and Foresight in London. Frugal engineering recalls an approach common in the early days of U.S. assembly-line manufacturing: Henry Ford‟s Model T that transformed the transportation in the United States. Frugal engineering is addressing billions of consumers at the bottom of the pyramid who are quickly moving out of poverty in China, India, Brazil, and other emerging nations.

The U.S. Department of Energy has estimated that China and India will drive a more than 40% increase in global demand for oil by 2030. In July 2008, Al Gore connected the dots to the energy crises the U.S. faces and drew a picture of non-sustainability. He challenged the U.S. to generate 100% of the electricity it needs using clean, renewable, sustainable sources within 10 years.21 As a result of these changes engineers find themselves addressing sustainability, a critical dimension in engineering in the twenty first century.

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Gurmeet Bambrah, is the founder of TalentHunt360